Peshawar (Urdu: پشاور‎),(Pashto: پېښور‎) is the capital of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.[1] Peshawar is the largest city of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and by the 1998 census was the ninth-largest city of Pakistan.[2] Peshawar is a metropolitan city and the administrative centre and economic hub for the Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan.[3] Peshawar is situated in a large valley near the eastern end of the Khyber Pass, close to the Pak-Afghan border. Peshawar is irrigated by various canals of the Kabul River and by its right tributary, the Bara River.

Peshawar's recorded history goes back as far as at least 539 BC, making it the oldest living city in Pakistan and one of the oldest in South Asia.[4]

Contents  [hide] 
1	History
1.1	Ancient Peshawar
1.2	Gandharan Peshawar (c. 127–1001)
1.3	Muslim conquest
1.4	Mughal rule (1451–1818)
1.5	Durrani Peshawar (1747–1818)
1.6	Sikh conquest (1818–1849)
1.7	British Empire (1849–1947)
1.8	Modern Peshawar
1.9	Climate
2	Demographics
3	Culture
4	Education
5	Landmarks
6	Transport
7	Sport
8	Neighbourhoods
9	Sport Players
10	Gallery
11	Sister cities
12	See also
13	Notes
14	References
15	Further reading
16	External links