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Photographer: George Frey/Getty Images
Stock Exchanges Are Beginning to Take Bitcoin Seriously
by Olga Kharif
March 25, 2015 — 1:48 AM WIB
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(Bloomberg) -- The biggest U.S. stock exchange operators are taking steps to embrace bitcoin, spurring speculation the digital currency is coming up from underground.
Nasdaq OMX Group Inc. revealed Tuesday that New York-based Noble Markets, a platform for trading bitcoin, has agreed to license Nasdaq’s X-stream technology. Noble is adopting the same software used by securities exchanges around the world, and a related system runs the Nasdaq Stock Market, one of the biggest equity exchanges. The news follows the New York Stock Exchange’s January agreement to invest in Coinbase, another platform for trading the digital currency.
Markets for buying and selling bitcoin took a reputational hit when one of the biggest, Mt. Gox, failed in 2014. Mt. Gox filed for bankruptcy after discovering it had lost bitcoins belonging to customers and itself. Deploying Nasdaq’s software could give Noble greater legitimacy.
“It is a vote of confidence in bitcoin the technology,” Nicholas Colas, chief market strategist at Convergex Group, said in an interview. “Now that you are seeing big organizations providing technology, there’s a feeling that bitcoin is here to stay.”
While some bitcoin startups have recently built their own trading technology, Nasdaq’s system has been battle-tested for years. Nasdaq provides trading software to companies including Japan Exchange Group Inc. and Singapore Exchange Ltd., which are among the biggest market operators in the world.
Other Exchanges
“Nasdaq is open to providing its technology to other bitcoin exchanges,” Ryan Wells, a Nasdaq spokesman, said during an interview.
Noble was founded by John Betts, whose resume features stints at Goldman Sachs Group Inc., Morgan Stanley and UBS Group AG. Betts said his finance career included designing trading systems. His time working for the giants of finance may be a sign of maturation for bitcoin, and contrasts with Mt. Gox, which was originally envisioned as a place to buy and sell playing cards for the game Magic: The Gathering.
Nasdaq’s involvement is a good sign, according to Adam Draper, a venture capitalist at Boost VC who invests in bitcoin startups.
It “obviously shows that they think bitcoin is here to stay,” he wrote in an e-mail, referring to Nasdaq.
To contact the reporter on this story: Olga Kharif in Portland at okharif@bloomberg.net
To contact the editors responsible for this story: Nick Baker at nbaker7@bloomberg.net; Cecile Daurat at cdaurat@bloomberg.net Reed Stevenson
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If You Think Greece’s Crisis Will End Soon, Think Again
by Ian WishartNikos ChrysolorasAndrew Mayeda
June 8, 2015 — 5:01 AM WIB Updated on June 8, 2015 — 2:38 PM WIB
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What Next for Greece?
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Frustrated by Greece’s cat and mouse game with its creditors? Get used to it.
Even if Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras clinches as much as 7.2 billion euros ($8 billion) from a bailout tranche creditors are withholding, he’s going to need another cash infusion shortly thereafter.
What will ensue is a renewed battle after almost five months of trench warfare. The beleaguered country requires a third bailout of about 30 billion euros, according to Nomura International Plc analysts Lefteris Farmakis and Dimitris Drakopoulos. The final bill will depend on whether fellow euro member states grant Greece any debt relief, and what form that relief would take, they said.
Tsipras says any aid must be on his terms rather than those of governments whose taxpayers have forked out billions in the past five years to keep Greece in the euro. The standoff has triggered an unprecedented liquidity squeeze, pushing the country’s economy back into recession, and thus raising the total sum of additional loans Greece may need after its current euro-area-backed bailout expires this month.
“Any plausible deal at this stage is unlikely to do enough and it’s unlikely to be the end of the matter,” said Simon Tilford, deputy director of the Centre for European Reform in London. “This could just play out again and again.”
Bailout Saga
The latest episode in the five-year saga has focused on releasing the final tranche of Greece’s second bailout. The amount at stake roughly equals the bond repayments that Greece needs to make to the ECB in July and August.
Here’s the problem for the policy makers struggling to avoid a default in Athens: Even if Greece muddles through until August, it faces a financing shortfall of about 25 billion euros through the end of 2016. That’s likely to worsen as the economy slides deeper into recession and tax revenue shrivels.
Tsipras, 40, faced a united front from Group of Seven leaders at the weekend, with U.S. President Barack Obama putting concerns over the impasse onto the agenda of a summit hosted by German Chancellor Angela Merkel.
There was another tense exchange between both sides, with Tsipras telling the Greek Parliament on Friday the latest offer from creditors was unacceptable and he hoped it was just a “bad negotiating trick.” European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker, who met Tsipras last week, said the prime minister had misrepresented aspects of the talks and he should observe some basic rules to maintain good relations.
Divisive Debt
Negotiations over a third bailout would give Tsipras an opportunity to push the key demands -- debt relief and more generous pensions -- that propelled him to power in January and that have isolated him in the euro area.
Then there are the fractures on each side of the negotiating table. Among creditors, the International Monetary Fund says Greece’s financial burden may be unsustainable; the EU says it needs to honor its commitments.
On the Greek side, Tsipras’s Syriza coalition is plagued by infighting over possible concessions, differences that may ultimately force him to call new elections.
IMF Wildcard
Another potential wildcard with any agreement with creditors is whether the IMF coughs up its portion of the existing bailout.
The IMF typically requires countries to have enough financing to get them through at least a year, before disbursing any loans. IMF staff also analyze whether debt is sustainable over the medium term. The IMF believes Greece needs to establish a credible target for a budget surplus backed by changes to pensions and other reforms, an official involved in G-7 talks said in Dresden last week.
“The dependence on our creditors will remain for two years in the best-case scenario,” said Aristides Hatzis, associate professor of law and economics at the University of Athens. “Greece is going to need cheap loans for the next two years.”
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