Rosa Louise McCauley Parks (February 4, 1913 – October 24, 2005) was an African American social liberties extremist, whom the United States Congress called "the principal woman of social equality" and "the mother of the opportunity movement". Her birthday, February 4, and the day she was captured, December 1, have both gotten to be Rosa Parks Day, honored in California and Missouri (February 4), and Ohio and Oregon (December 1).
On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Parks declined to obey transport driver James F. Blake's request to surrender her seat in the hued area to a white traveler, after the white segment was filled. Parks was not the primary individual to oppose transport isolation. Others had made comparable strides, incorporating Bayard Rustin in 1942, Irene Morgan in 1946, Sarah Louise Keys in 1952, and the individuals from the at last effective Browder v. Gayle claim (Claudette Colvin, Aurelia Browder, Susie McDonald, and Mary Louise Smith) who were captured in Montgomery for not surrendering their transport seats months before Parks. NAACP coordinators trusted that Parks was the best possibility for seeing through a court challenge after her capture for common defiance in disregarding Alabama isolation laws, albeit in the long run her case got to be stalled in the state courts while the Browder v. Gayle case succeeded.
Parks' demonstration of rebellion and the Montgomery Bus Boycott got to be essential images of the present day Civil Rights Movement. She turned into a worldwide symbol of imperviousness to racial isolation. She composed and worked together with social equality pioneers, including Edgar Nixon, president of the nearby section of the NAACP; and Martin Luther King, Jr., another priest around the local area who increased national conspicuousness in the social liberties development.
At the time, Parks was secretary of the Montgomery part of the NAACP. She had as of late gone to the Highlander Folk School, a Tennessee community for preparing activists for specialists' rights and racial correspondence. She went about as a private national "tired of giving in". Albeit broadly respected in later years, she likewise languished over her demonstration; she was let go from her occupation as a sewer in a nearby retail establishment, and got demise dangers for quite a long time a short time later. Her circumstance likewise opened entryways.
Not long after the blacklist, she moved to Detroit, where she quickly discovered comparative work. From 1965 to 1988 she served as secretary and assistant to John Conyers, an African-American U.S. Agent. She was likewise dynamic operating at a profit Power development and the backing of political detainees in the US.
After retirement, Parks kept in touch with her life account and carried on with a to a great extent private life in Detroit. In her last years, she experienced dementia. Parks got national acknowledgment, including the NAACP's 1979 Spingarn Medal, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the Congressional Gold Medal, and an after death statue in the United States Capitol's National Statuary Hall. Upon her passing in 2005, she was the principal lady and third non-U.S. government authority to lie in honor at the Capitol Rotunda.
