Department of Horticulture Landscape Plants Images, Identification, and Information Volume 2 Copyright ©, Oregon State University, 1999-2015 NOTICE! The new and updated version of this website is available in a form better adapted to mobile devices smartphone,tablets ; it also works well with computers. This older website is no longer maintained or uptated. We recomend that you log into. Trying to identify a woody plant? This is Volume 2 of Oregon State University's Landscape Plants web site. Landscape plants mostly woody, i. From the list below select a letter which corresponds to the first letter of the genus you wish to view or, if listed, the genus itself or search the. To view the list of such woody plants select. Leaves are simple, alternate, 2-ranked, entire to dentate. Fruit a stiff hairy capsule which splits into 4 sections to release 2, rarely 3, glossy tan-brown nuts. Native northern temperate regions. Only one species, F. Fagus: the Greek and Latin name for these trees. Fatshedera: name derived from the two genera from which it was developed, namely Fatsia and Hedera. Leaves very large, leathery, palmately 7-11 lobes. Flowers in terminal clusters, in umbels, some unisexual, 5 petals. Native to eastern Asia, especially Japan, Taiwan. Fatsia: an adaptation of the Japanese name fatsi, for F. Leaves are usually simple and alternately arranged, large variation in size. Flowers unisexual, small, enclosed within a fleshy recetacle the fig. The mature recetacles are of varying size and color. Native to tropical and subtropical regions in both hemispheres. Ficus: the ancient Latin name for the edible fig. Leaves simple, alternate, margins entire or lobed, long petiole. Flowers unisexual, 5-parted, in terminal or axillary clusters panicles or racemes , calyx yellow, petals absent. Fruit leaflike, leathery, dehiscing before mature, seed globose. Native to east Asia and one species in east Africa. Firmiana: after Karl von Firmian, governor of Lombardy region of Italy and supporter of the botanic garden of Padua. Leaves opposite, usually simple, serrate or entire. Flowers are yellow and appear before leaves, corolla deeply divided into 4 parts, united as a short tube. Native to central Europe and eastern Asia. Forsythia: after William Forsyth 1737-1804 , Scottish gardener and writer, he became the superintendent of Royal Gardens, Kensington, Palace. Most noticeable in spring when their bottle brush-spike flower heads appear before the leaves. The two species are similar but Fothergilla major, relative to F gardenii, grows to a larger size, its flower spikes tend to be larger, its leaves are about 50 percent larger, and the toothing on the leaf margin near the tip is more pronounced. Fothergilla: after John Fothergill 1712-80 , English physician and gardener with an interest in growing American plants. Leaves simple, alternate, blades deciduous, petioles becoming spines, also with secondary leaves. Flowers showy, red, purple to creamy yellow or white, tubular or campanulate. Fruit a capsule, about 2. Native to Mexico and adjacent U. Fouquier 1776-1850 , a French physician and medical consultant. Leaves alternate, compound, 3 leaflets. Flowers white, 5-8 petals, 10-30 stamens, 10-80 carpels. Fruit many small, glabrous with achenes on the surface of an enlarged, fleshy receptacle. Native to the northern temperate zones and Chile. Fragaria: from the Latin fragrans, fragrant, alluding to the aroma of the fruit. The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening Huxley, A. Franklinia: after Benjamin Franklin 1706-90. Leaves are opposite and compound pinnate. Flowers are small, bisexual or unisexual, not ornamental, and appear before the leaves. Females of some species bear numerous large clusters of fruit, sometimes considered unattractive and messy. Native to temperate North America, Europe, and Asia, with a few found in the tropics. Fraxinus: the Latin name for the ash. Caution: Fraxinus species native to North America are threatened by an Asian insect, the emerald ash borer EAB Agrilus planipennis. Emerald ash borer is an exotic beetle that was first discovered in the U. The adult beetles nibble on ash foliage but cause little damage. However, the larvae the immature stage feed on the inner bark of ash trees, disrupting the tree's ability to transport water and nutrients. The insect probably arrived in the United States on solid wood packing material carried in cargo ships or airplanes originating in its native Asia. Leaves alternate, unlobed or palmately 3-, 5-, or 7-lobed. Flowers solitary, showy, calyx petaloid, 5-lobed, 3 bract at the base of the calyx, petals absent. Native to Arizona, California and Mexico. Fremontodendron: after Major-General John C. Fremont, American explorer and plant collector in the western U. Underground parts are sometimes tuberous or with swollen stems. Leaves alternate, opposite or in whorls. Flowers are mono or bisexual, on slender pedicels stalks , often pendulous, perianth calyx + corolla tubular with a nectary at the base, 4 sepals spreading to recurved, 4 petals or absent, rolled together or spreading, 8 stamens in 2 unequal ranks. Native to Central and South America, including Mexico and Tierra del Fuego, and New Zealand and Tahiti. Most fuchsia cultivars are he result of breeding between many different species. Fuchsia: after Leonhart Fuchs, 1501-1566 , German physician and herbalist. Leaves opposite, simple, leathery, entire, short petiole. Small flowers in pendulous female and male catkins. Fruit is a round, leathery, dry, 2-seeded berry. Garrya: after Nicholas Garry d. Leaves simple, alternate, with a short petiole. Flowers white, urn-shaped, usually appear in late spring or early summer. Fruit is a capsule, often enclosed by a fleshy colored calyx. Native to North and South America, West Indies, and Japan to Australia. Gaultheria: after Jean-François Gaulthier 1708-1758 , botanist and physician of Quebec. Leaves simple to trifoliate, sometimes absent. Flowers usually yellow and the fruit an elliptic, flat capsule, with 2 chambers, containing small winged seeds. Native to Europe, Mediterranean to western Asia. Genista: classical Latin name for broom, used by Virgil. Based on fossil evidence, this species has existed almost unchanged for over 200 million years. Native to China, and currently found wild in two locations. Ginkgo: from the Chinese yin-kuo, silver apricot, apparently from the Japanese pronunciation, ginko. Leaves alternate, compound pinnate or bipinnate , with as many as 30 leaflets. Flowers small, green-white, perfect of unisexual, in axillary clusters racemes. Fruit oblong, flat to nearly cylindrical, with many rounded seeds. Native to eastern Asia, North and South America, tropical Africa, and Iran. Gleditsia: after German botanist Gottlieb Gleditsch 1714-1786 , director of the Berlin Botanical Garden and friend of Linnaeus. Leaves alternate, often toothed or lobed. Flower clusters terminal, flowers paired, tubular, subtended by a bract; often rich in nectar. Hardiness varies, but generally rather tender, some tolerate frost. A large number of hybrids and other garden forms see the Sunset Western Garden Book for those available in California and southwestern U. Grevillea: After Charles F. Greville 1749-1809 , co-founder of the Royal Horticultural Society and once vice-president of the Royal Society of London. Leaves alternate, large, compound bipinnate , leaflets ovate and thin. Flowers green-white, in short clusters, calyx 5-lobed, 5 equal, oblong petals, 10 stamens. Fruit oblong, ultimately woody, seeds flat and hard. Native to the U. Gymnocladus: from the Greek, gymnos, naked, and klados, branch, referring to its deciduous habit in which its stout branches are devoid of foliage for nearly half the year. Leaves alternate, leathery, often linear and needle-like, some are toothed and lobed. Flowers in short axillary clusters, flowers-paired and subtended by a common bract, often with brightly colored protruding styles; often rich in nectar. Fruit is a woody capsule containing two seeds. Hakea: for Baron Christian Ludwig von Hake 1745-1818 , German patron of botany. Leaves alternate, simple, thin petioles with stellate pubescence. Flowers in axillary clusters, white, rarely pale rose, pendulous, corolla 4-parted or 4 lobed. Fruit a dry oblong drupe with 2 or 4 longitudinal wings. Native to eastern North America and China 1 species. Halesia: after Stephan H. Leaves resemble those of Corylus, simple, alternate, ovate to obovate, margins toothed, and base oblique, petioles short, large stipules. Flowers appear in short, axillary clusters at or after leaf fall or before new growth in spring, fragrant, calyx 4-lobed and persistent, 4 petals, linear and crumpled in the bud, to 2 cm, mostly yellow, but also red and orange. Fruit 2-parted, with 2 black seeds that are explosively released when ripe. Native to North America, Europe and Asia. Hamamelis: from the Greek for pear-shaped fruit, but apparently applied to a different plant. Leaves opposite, 2-ranked or decussate leaf pairs at right angle to the pair above and below , rounded to lanceolate, short petiole or sessile, often somewhat fleshy or scale-like and closely appressed superficially resembling a dwarf conifer in appearance, these are known as whipcord hebes. Flowers in axillary or subterminal clusters, white to pink, mauve to lilac or blue, corolla short-tubular, limb expaned, 4-lobed; 2 stamens protruding beyond the corolla exserted. Most Hebe species are native to New Zealand, some are from Australia, Chile and isolated sites in the South Pacific. The classification of members of this genus is confused and confusing and Phillips and Barber 1981, p. She seems to have been a bit of a tippler herself, for the plants she has godmothered are a pretty mixed up lot. Their morals in their antipodean settlements are decidedly promiscuous and even the botanists of New Zealand, where most of them dwell, are puzzled about their lineages. In the juvenile climbing stage plants are supported by aerial rootlets. Leaves alternate, simple, sometimes lobed in the juvenile stage, more nearly entire in the arborescent stage, all leaves glabrous, frequently glossy. Flowers perfect, in globose clusters, yellow-green, calyx 5-lobed, 5 stamens, alternate with petals. Fruit 3-5 seeded, black to yellow berry. Native to Europe, northern Africa, and Asia. Hedera: the Latin name for the plant. Leaves alternate, palmately veined, with short petioles. Flowers usually solitary and axillary, corolla broad campanulate, 5 petals, yellow, lavender, red, and other colors, often with a basal purple spot. Fruit is a capsule, ovoid or oblong, 5-seeded. Native to tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions. Hibiscus: the Greek name for mallow. Leaves simple, generally alternate, linear, willow-like. Flowers borne before leaves on previous year's growth. Fruit globose, drupe-like, usually orange. Native to China and Himalayas. Leaves alternate, simple, pinnately lobed, dentate, tomentose. Flowers small, numerous, usually in large, pendulous clusters panciles , 5 petals, rounded, 20 stamens. Fruit made up of 5 indehiscent achenes, 1-2 seeded. Native to western North America to Columbia. Holodiscus: from the Green holo, whole; discus, disc, refers to the unlobed disc lining the hypanthium cup around the ovary. Leaves alternate, simple, 3-veined from base, margin toothed or rarely entire. Flowers 5 calyx lobes, 5 petals, white, very small and very concave, enclosing the 5 stamens. Fruit 3 chambered, berrylike. Native to Eastern and southern Asia. Hovenia: for David Hoven, an Amsterdam senator. Leaves simple, opposite or in whorls of 3, usually rounded-ovate, entire or toothed. Fertile flowers are rather inconspicuous, in contrast to showy infertile flowers which are usually arranged on the outer ring of the cluster corymb or panicle. Fertile flowers are bisexual with 4-5 sepals, 4-5 petals, small, white, blue, or pink. The conspicuous part of infertile flowers is often enlarged, colored, petal-like sepals, true petals may be much reduced or absent. Fruit is a many seeded capsule. Native to China, Japan, and Himalaya, Philippines, Indonesia, and North and South America. Hydrangea: from Greek hydor, water. Leaves are opposite or in whorls, usually entire or sometime fringed with glands, short petioles. Flowers solitary or in terminal or axillary clusters, bisexual, 5-parted calyx and corolla, petals yellow, numerous stamens in 5, rarely 4, equal bundles. Fruit is usually a 3-5-celled capsule. Found mostly in the Northern Hemisphere, only a few species are woody shrubs. Hypericum: the Greek name, apparently from Greek, hyper, above, and eikon, a picture, it was hung above pictures to ward off evil spirits. Leaves simple, alternate, linear or obovate. Flowers in clusters raceme or corymb , each with 4 sepals, 4 petals, outer ones larger than inner petals, white or purple. Fruit broad, pod-like, often winged. Iberis: from Iberia, Spain, source of most species. Idesia: after Eberhard Ysbrant Ides, a Dutch traveler in China 1691-95. Leaves simple, alternate, rarely opposite, margins spiny, serrate, or entire; stipules present. Flowers usually dioecious, small, axillary, solitary or in small clusters, 4-8 sepals fused at base, 3-8 petals fused at base, 4-8 stamens. Found most places, except in western North America and Australia. Ilex: from a similarity to the leaves of the evergreen oak, Quercus ilex. Leaves alternate, simple, leathery, margin entire. Flowers perfect, axillary, solitary, 3-6 sepals, petaloid, many petals. Fruit star-shaped, a whorl of 1-seeded follicles, finally dehiscent. Mostly native to southeast Asia, but two species in the US I. Illicium: from illicio, to attract, a reference to the fragrance. Leaves alternate, simple, dentate. Flowers white, cream, or green-white, small, many per cluster raceme or spike , 5 petals, 5 stamens. Fruit, capsule, many seeded. Native to northeastern Asia and eastern North America. Itea: Greek name for willow, a reference to the somewhat willow-like pendulous catkins. Leaves opposite or alternate, odd pinnate or reduced to only 1 leaflet. Flowers yellow, white or red, fragrant, in terminal or axillary clusters at branch tips, corolla with a narrow tube, 4-9 lobes, 2 stamens. Fruit a dark berry. Found in the tropics and subtropics, one species in the U. Jasminum: a Latinized form of yasmin, the Persian name of the plant. Leaves alternate, compound odd-pinnate , leaflets serrate or entire, aromatic. Male flowers in axillary, long, pendulous, many flowered catkins and female flowers in few flowered, terminal spikes. Fruit nut is a drupe, in an indehiscent, thick pericarp; the inner shell is hard and furrowed, the seed is furrowed, edible. Native to North and South America, southeaster Europe, Asia. Juglans: from the Latin Jovi glans, from jovis, of Jupiter, and glans, acorn or nut. Bark of truck and main branches usually thin, shredding. Leaves, opposite, needle-like or scale-like, always needle-like on young plants, mature plants may have both leaf forms. Berry-like cones, maturing to a dark blue or bluish-black, ripening in second or third year. They are some of the toughest evergreen landscape plants, and because of this they are often overused.
