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Virus of the Parotiditis
Structure
The genome and the cápside are the ones of a paramyxovirus typical. His espículas are of two types, ones
With activity hemaglutinina-neuraminidasa (NH) and the others of fusion (F).
Pathogeny.
The viruses of the parotiditis infect the upper respiratory tract and disseminates by the blood,
Retorting in the lymphatic ganglions. There is a 2ª phase of viremia reaching organs eat
Salivary glands, gonads, SNC and pancreas.
Clinical picture
After a period of incubation of 12-26 days arises a phase prodrómica with fever and unrest. Later it appears inflammation of the glands parotids like main demonstration.
They exist two significant complications, the orquiepididimitis in young men, that if it is bilateral can give place to esterilidad, and the meningitis, even withoutp arotiditis, that is autolimitada and without sequelas.
Epidemiology
The parotiditis is an endemic infection with shoots epidémicos cagives 2 to 5 years. It predominates in the boys. The reservorio is the man and transmits by direct contact by the saliva. The virus isolates in the saliva 6 days before the affectation glandular and until 9 daysd espués. By the urine deletes virus durantes the first weeks of the illness. In the países developed is controlled by means of vaccination.
Diagnostic
It is used to make clinically. There is available proofs in the laboratory of microbiology:
1. Detection of virus, antígenos virales and nucleic acids. Puede Make by means of IE, IF or genomic amplification.
2. Isolation by means of cellular crop of the saliva, the LCR and the urine. The identity confirms by means of IF, FC, IH, etc.
3. Diagnostic serológico. By seroconversión. The reacción of Fixation of Complement detects antibodies in front of the antígeno Soluble (of aparicprecocious ion and disappearance in the convalescence), and in front of the Vírico (the antígeno viral later and of prolonged length).
Treatment
It does not exist any antiviral effective. The treatment is sintomático.
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