It is a company operating in all areas of the oil and gas industry, including and, and. It also has interests in and. The company has around 18,300 service stations worldwide. It has secondary english bp picture on the and the. In 1935, it became the and in 1954 British Petroleum. In 1959, the company expanded beyond the Middle East to Alaska and it was one of the first companies to strike oil in the. British Petroleum acquired majority control of in 1978. Formerly majority state-owned, the British government privatised the company in stages between 1979 and 1987. It was the first commercially significant find of oil in the. The oil discovery led to petrochemical industry development and also the establishment of industries that strongly depended on oil. Some of the shares were sold to the public. The first chairman and minority shareholder of the company became. The refinery was built and began operating in 1912. In 1913, the British government acquired a controlling interest 50. In 1919, the company became a producer by establishing a subsidiary named Scottish Oils which merged remaining Scottish. Refineries were built in in Wales the first refinery in the United Kingdom and in Scotland. It also acquired the controlling stake in the refinery in France and formed with the a partnership namedwhich built the Australian's first refinery in. In 1927, Burmah Oil and formed the joint marketing company. The partnership was equally owned but english bp picture by Shell. The oil concession rights were awarded to the company on 23 December 1934 and the company started drilling operations in 1936. In 1956, the company was renamed British Hydrocarbon Chemicals. In March 1951, Razmara was assassinated anda nationalist, was elected as the new prime minister by the parliament. Prime Minister Churchill asked President Eisenhower for help in overthrowing Mossadeq. British Petroleum was a founding member of this company with 40% stake. In 1956, its subsidiary D'Arcy Exploration Co. In 1962, Scottish Oils ceased operations. In 1965, it was the first company to strike oil in the. The Canadian holding company of British Petroleum was renamed in 1969; and in 1971, it acquired 97. By the 1960s, British Petroleum had developed a reputation for taking on the riskiest ventures. It earned the company massive profits; it also earned them the worst safety record in the industry. In english bp picture, the giant oil tanker foundered off the English coast. The ship was owned by the -based Barracuda Tanker Corporation and was flying the flag ofa well-knownbut was being chartered by British Petroleum. The ship was bombed by in an effort to break up the ship and burn off the leaking oil, but this failed to destroy the oil slick. The company's oil assets were nationalised in Libya in 1971, in Kuwait in 1975, and in Nigeria in 1979. The intensified power struggle between oil companies and host governments in Middle East, along with the oil price shocks that followed the meant British Petroleum lost most of its direct access to crude oil supplies produced in countries that belonged to the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countriesand prompted it to diversify its operations beyond the heavily Middle East dependent oil production. In 1978, the company acquired a controlling interest in Sohio. In Iran, British Petroleum continued to operate until the in 1979. The new regime of nationalised all of the company's assets in Iran without compensation, bringing to an end its 70-year presence in Iran. In November 1987 the purchased a 10. During his period as chairman he reduced company's refining english bp picture in Europe. In 1984, was renamed to ; and it bought Gulf Oil—the largest merger in history at that time. To meet anti-trust regulations, Chevron divested many of Gulf's operating subsidiaries, and sold some Gulf stations and a refinery in the eastern United States to British Petroleum and in 1985. In 1987, British Petroleum negotiated the acquisition of and the remaining publicly traded shares of Standard Oil of Ohio. At the same year it was listed on the where its share were traded until delisting in 2008. Walters was replaced by in 1990. Horton carried out a major corporate down-sizing exercise removing various tiers of management at the Head Office. The company was a english bp picture and installer of. It became wholly owned by British Petroleum in the mid-1980s. British Petroleum entered into Russian market in 1990 and opened its first service station in Moscow in 1996. In 1992, the company entered into Azerbaijani market. In 1994, it signed the production sharing agreement for the oil project and in 1995 for the development. As part of the merger's brand awareness, the company helped the gallery of British Art launch RePresenting Britain 1500—2000. Ruhr Öl was dissolved in 2016. On 23 March 2005, 15 workers were killed and more than 170 injured in the. To save money, major upgrades to the 1934 refinery had been postponed. Browne pledged to prevent another catastrophe. Inspections revealed other shoddy work. Repairs costing hundreds of millions would keep Thunder Horse out of commission for three years. The head of exploration and production. In July 2010, it sold its natural gas activities in andCanada, to. The deal was completed on 21 March 2013. It sold its stake in Vivergo to. The sale included terminals at and Kinneil, a site in Aberdeen, and the Forties Unity Platform. In March 2017, the company acquired Clean Energy's biomethane business and assets, including its production sites and existing supply contracts. In April 2017, its subsidiary Butamax bought an production company Nesika Energy. Its operations are headquartered in. Lower 48 Onshore to compete in the burgeoning shale gas industry dominated by smaller companies. It has in the,and shales. It has or stakes also in Colorado, and Wyoming, primarily in the. The company owns two petrochemical plants in the U. Its petrochemical plant in Texas City, located on the same site as the formerly owned Texas City Refinery, produces industrial chemicals including and. In 2016, the company generated 4. This includes four blocks it acquired in English bp picture 2011 and an additional block that is operated by Brazilian national oil company,in which it holds a 40% stake. Also in that country, the company has invested in the exploration and development of. It also and develops the complex of offshore geological structures. In addition, it operates the and the Azerbaijan's major export pipelines through such asand pipelines. It purchases crude oil for the company's refineries in thehas holdings in and four offshore blocks in. The company's leases include joint ventures with in the Sunrise Energy Project 50%and in Pike, and a partnership with Value Creation Inc. The activities in this area of operations take place in 29 countries worldwide. The Company had sold or converted 16 plants since 2000. It is looking to sell off its stake in a petrochemicals joint venture in China, its largest investment in that country. Its petrochemicals are marketed in over 40 countries. It has operations in over 50 countries worldwide. It manages a large fleet of vessels most of which are held on long-term operating leases. All of these ships are double-hulled. It has around 18,300 service stations. These wind farms include the, and. As of 2017the company had total gross generating capacity of 2. In 2016, the company generated 4. Its joint venture with DuPont called Butamax, which has developed the patented bio-butanol-producing technology and owns an isobutanol plant inUnited States. As of 2017Lightsource has commissioned 1. The company's shares are primarily traded on the London Stock Exchange, but also listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange in Germany. The merger with Amoco resulted in a 40% increase in share price by April 1999. The acquisition was ultimately approved in April 2000 increasing stock value 57 cents over english bp picture previous year. After the Texas City Refinery explosion in 2005, stock prices again fell. However, by April 2007, stocks had rebounded 13% erasing the 8. Declining oil prices and concerns over oil sustainability also caused shares to fall in value in late 2008. As of 27 May 2018major institutional shareholders include 3. According to the company, the new slogan represented their focus on meeting the growing demand for fossil fuels, manufacturing and delivering more advanced products, and to enable transitioning to a lower carbon footprint. The firm illegally discharged waste oil, paint thinner and other toxic and hazardous substances by injecting them down the outer rim, or annuli, of the oil wells. It was alleged that in some cases the violations were due to negligence, while in others the violations were knowingly and willfully committed by refinery officials. The company uses in-situ drilling technologies such as to extract the. In 2013, shareholders criticized the project for being carbon-intensive. Penalties english bp picture also issued for five serious violations, including failure to develop operating procedures for a unit that removes sulfur compound; failure to ensure that operating procedures reflect current operating practice in the Isocracker Unit; failure to resolve process hazard analysis recommendations; failure to resolve process safety management compliance audit items in a timely manner; and failure to periodically inspect pressure piping systems. The plaintiffs maintain that the industry knew about the environmental dangers but that they used it instead of other possible alternatives because it was less expensive. The companies will also be required to pay 70 percent of cleanup costs for any wells newly english bp picture at any time over the next 30 years. Executives were not held accountable for the failures, and some were promoted despite them. The oil rig had been hastily converted in an effort to quickly start drilling operations after the was opened for exploration. Thirteen crew members were killed. No hydrocarbons were released in the accident. The explosion english bp picture all the casualties and substantial damage to the rest of the plant. The incident came as the culmination of a series of less serious accidents at the refinery, and the engineering problems were not addressed by the management. Maintenance and safety at the plant had been cut as a cost-saving measure, the responsibility ultimately resting with executives in London. Inspectors found 270 safety violations that had been cited but not fixed and 439 new violations. Thirty violations remained under discussion. It was the largest fine ever imposed under the Texas Clean Air Act. The plant had a history of chemical releases. The leak included 17,000 pounds 7,700 kg of37,000 pounds 17,000 kg ofand 186,000 pounds 84,000 kg of. In total, 23 barrels 3. The spill was cleaned up and there was no impact upon wildlife. In the settlement of a civil suit, in July 2011 investigators from the U. In July 2011, the U. The platform was shut down and the staff was evacuated. As the West Azeri Platform was being powered by a cable from the Central Azeri Platform, it was also shut down. Production at the West Azeri Platform resumed on 9 October 2008 and at the Central Azeri Platform in December 2008. The case settled in November 2016 and was the result of collaboration english bp picture the California Attorney General's Office and several district attorney's offices across the state. On 20 April 2010, the semi-submersible exploratory offshore drilling rig located in the in the Gulf of Mexico after a. After burning for two days, the rig sank. The well was finally capped on 15 July 2010. The spill had a strong economic impact on the 's economy sectors such as fishing and tourism. English bp picture of 2015the fishing industry continued to struggle. A 2013 study in the Journal of Travel Research found that the hotel industry weathered the spill better than the vacation rental industry, and that the overall impact was complex and difficult to determine. Researchers say the oil and dispersant mixture, includingpermeated the through. Toxicological effects have been documented in and fish, communities, mammals, birds and turtles, deep-water corals, plankton,and microbial communities. Effects on different populations consist of increased mortality or as sub-lethal impairment on the organisms' ability to forage, reproduce and avoid predators. In 2013, it was reported that dolphins and other marine life continued to die in record numbers with infant dolphins dying at six times the normal rate, and half the examined in a December 2013 study were seriously ill or dying. Further research suggested that the oil on english bp picture bottom of the seafloor was not degrading. Oil in affected english bp picture areas increased erosion due to the death of mangrove trees and marsh grass. As of 2013removal of oily material from the beaches of Louisiana and Florida continued. Researchers looking at sediment, seawater, biota, and seafood found toxic compounds in high concentrations that they said was due to the added oil and dispersants. Although Gulf fisheries recovered in 2011, a 2014 study of the effects of the oil spill on by researchers at and thepublished in the journalfound that toxins released by the oil spill sent fish into cardiac arrest. The study found that even very low english bp picture of crude oil can slow the pace of fish heartbeats. The study also found that oil already broken down by wave action and chemical dispersants was more toxic than fresh oil. Another peer-reviewed study, released in March 2014 and conducted by 17 scientists from the United States and Australia and published in Proceedings of thefound that tuna and amberjack that were exposed to oil from the spill developed deformities of the heart and other organs. A separate study is following the health issues of women and children affected by the spill. According to a study investigating the health effects among children living less than 10 miles from the coast, more than a third of the parents report physical or mental health symptoms among their children. Australia's reported that people living along the gulf coast were becoming sick from the mixture of Corexit and oil. A peer-reviewed study published in reported significantly altered blood profiles of individuals exposed to the spilled oil and dispersants that put them at increased risk of developing liver cancer, leukemia and other disorders. In 2014, a study was published in Proceedings of the which found heart deformities in fish exposed to oil from the spill. The researchers said that their results probably apply to humans as well as fish. District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana. At the end of November 2012, the U. The ban was conditionally lifted in March 2014. In 2006, one former trader pleaded guilty. Also in 2007, four other former traders were charged. The dismissal was upheld by the in 2011. The investigation relates to trading activity that occurred in October and November 2008. The investigation was dropped in December 2015 due to lack of evidence. The email laid out that pricing was to be raised at certain sites around a region in order to regain volume lost at its Otaki branch. Archived from on 28 October 2013. Archived from on 23 June 2013. Historical Dictionary of the Petroleum Industry. Business History Links: Business Archives:. Archived from on 10 February 2007. Archived from on 22 July 2013. Museum of the Scottish Shale Oil Industry. Archived from on 29 July 2012. Oil in the Middle East. Archived from on 30 June 2013. Archived from on 18 June 2010. Archived from on 7 March 2013. The Globe and Mail Canada. Archived from on 22 February 2014. Archived from on 22 February 2014. Archived from on 22 February 2014. Archived from on 14 January 2012. Archived from on 19 March 2012. Archived from on 6 August 2011. 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