For other uses, see. Oslo Airport : Oslo Lufthavn; : OSL, : ENGM is the main international airport serving , , the and in the country. A hub for and , and an operating base for , it connects to 26 domestic and 151 international destinations. More than 27 million passengers traveled through the airport in 2017, making it the commercial airport in the , and the in Europe. Oslo Airport Oslo lufthavn Source: The airport is located 19 35 km; 22 mi northeast of Oslo, at in the municipality of , in county. It has two parallel roughly north—south measuring 3,600 metres 11,811 ft and 2,950 metres 9,678 ft and 71 aircraft stands, of which 50 have. The airport is connected to the city center by the high-speed railway served by and. The percentage of passengers using public transport to get to and from the airport is one of the highest in the world at nearly 70%. The ground facilities are owned by Oslo Lufthavn AS, a subsidiary of the state-owned. Also at the premises is , operated by the. An expansion with a new terminal building and a third pier opened in late April 2017. Oslo is also served by the low-fare airport in Sandefjord, situated 119 km to the south of downtown Oslo. The airport location was first used by the from 1940, with the first military airport facilities being built during the 1940s. The airport remained a secondary reserve and airport for chartered flights to until 8 October 1998, when the latter was closed and an all-new Oslo Airport opened at Gardermoen, costing 11. Gardermoen in 1904, while it was still an army camp The Norwegian army started using Gardermoen as a camp in 1740, although it was called Fredericksfeldt until 1788. It was first used by the , then by the and in 1789 by the riding marines. The base was also taken into use by the infantry from 1834 and by the artillery from 1860. Tents were solely used until 1860, when the first barracks and stalls were taken into use. Insulated buildings were built around 1900, allowing the camp to be used year-round. By 1925, the base had eleven camps and groups of buildings. The first flight at Gardermoen happened in 1912, and Gardermoen became a station for military flights. During the , the took over Gardermoen, and built the first proper airport facilities with hangars and two crossing runways, both 2,000 metres 6,600 ft long. After , the airport was taken over by the Norwegian Air Force and made the main air station. Three fighter and one transport squadron were stationed at the Gardermoen. In 1946, established their technical base at the airport, but left two years later. Gardermoen also became the reserve airport for Oslo Airport, Fornebu, when the latter was closed due to fog. From 1946 to 1952, when a longer runway was built at Fornebu, all intercontinental traffic was moved to Gardermoen. Gardermoen grew up as a training field for the commercial airlines and as local airport for. Some commercial traffic returned again in 1960, when SAS received its first jet aircraft, that could not use the runway at Fornebu until it was extended again in 1962. SAS introduced a direct flight to New York in 1962, but it was quickly terminated. In 1972, capacity restraints forced the authorities to move all charter traffic from Fornebu to Gardermoen. However, SAS and Braathens SAFE were allowed to keep their charter services from Fornebu, so they would not have to operate from two bases. A former hangar was converted to a terminal building and in 1974 passenger numbers were at 269,000 per year. In 1978, SAS started a weekly flight to New York. In 1983, further restrictions were enforced, and also SAS and Braathens SAFE had to move their charter operations to Gardermoen, increasing passenger numbers that year to 750,000. Several expansions of runway were made after the war, and by the 1985-extension the north-south runway was 3,050 metres 10,010 ft. Localization debate Main article: The first airports to serve Oslo was that opened in 1912 and that served seaplanes after its opening in 1926. Norway's first airline, , was founded in 1918 and the first scheduled fights were operated by to Germany with the opening of Gressholmen. In 1939, a new combined sea and land airport opened at. It was gradually expanded, with a runway capable of jet aircraft opening in 1962 and a new terminal buildi
