Amalia Hernández Navarro (September 19, 1917 – November 5, 2000) was a Mexican ballet choreographer and founder of the world-renowned Ballet Folklórico de México.[1]
Hernández was born to the military officer and politician Lamberto Hernández and his wife Amalia Navarro.[2]
She was a pioneer in developing Baile Folklorico, and in 1952, Hernández founded the Mexican Folkloric Ballet with only 8 dancers. By 1959, the ensemble had grown to 60 performers. It was commissioned to represent Mexico at the Pan American Games in Chicago, Illinois, in 1959.
Since 1960, Hernández created over 60 choreographies and her famous ballet has performed uninterruptedly Sunday mornings and Wednesday evenings at the Palace of Fine Arts in Mexico City.
Additionally, she founded the Folkloric Ballet School in Mexico City, Her brother, architect Agustín Hernández Navarro, designed the building in 1968.[3]
Biography
Born in Mexico City in 1917, Amalia Hernandez grew up in a wealthy home as her father was a prominent business man with military and political involvement. Amalia has been known to credit her mother for her interest in the arts, explaining a childhood full of art, singing, and music lessons. Her parents encouraged her interest in dance, her father going so far as to build a studio in their home. Her father was quoted as saying, “... there is no other alternative but to accept the career Amalia was born to have”.[2] At the age of 17, she entered the National School of Dance directed by Nellie Campobello, which marked the beginning of Amalia’s serious involvement in dance. After some conflicts with the director of the school, however, Amalia dropped out and consequently married, effectively putting her career on hold for a short while. Ultimately, the call of dance was too strong, for she began to work at the Fine Arts National Institute as a teacher and choreographer of modern dance. She was unsatisfied and unfulfilled with her dancing, however, unable to connect with modern and European dance: “her cross-breed feeling, her contemporary mexicanism, vibrated with the half - breed’s resonance, already defined and on the surface of the colorful México.”[4] She turned to traditional, cultural dances of Mexico, and thus began her involvement with baile folklorico.
She died in Mexico City at the age of 83.
Ballet Folklorico de Mexico
Amalia Hernandez founded the dance company in 1952, choosing to branch out with her experience and follow her own specific creative path. The group was small, consisting of only eight members in the beginning, and for their debut, Amalia presented the now-famous Melodies of Michoacan. In 1954, the chance to perform on television presented itself in the form of the Funcion de Gala program.
This is when the momentum began to truly pick up, the group performing a new dance every weekly broadcast. Success was garnered, and Amalia not only became director; the group expanded to twenty members by the end of the 67 episode run. With that small amount of success came recognition, and Amalia’s company gained the attention of the department of tourism. The government endorsed her group, aiding her in touring North America in representation of Mexico, the results absolutely positive. By 1959, the group had grown to sixty members and was commissioned to participate in the Panamerican Games in Chicago on behalf of Mexico.[5]
Being catapulted onto the national stage, Amelia and the company only worked harder, creating 40 different dances in the 1960s alone. Following from there, Amelia’s prominence as a cultural icon was only cemented further, as she went to choreograph about 70 dances, with performances around the world. In fact, the company has “performed more than 15,000 times for a total audience number of more than 22 million people”, one of those performances being for John F. Kennedy during his presidency.[5]
Cultural significance
Amalia was always vocal about her love for her native Mexico, but she was careful to place significance upon Mesoamerican cultures, highlighting them when possible through her dancing. Her goal was to convey the diversity of Mexico, while also exploring pre-Columbian culture and traditions. She became a symbol for Mexicanidad, her pursuit of indigenous inclusionary dance an indication of her dedication to the presentation of a realistic Mexican identity (i.e. not only Western-influenced).
Amalia Hernandez’s love of indigeneity has also cemented the indigenous image of Mexico around the world, a direct result of the company’s world-wide presence. This has helped recognize the unique Mexican culture, as well as promote a sense of national pride in regards to folklorico dancing. Additionally, Amelia does not shy away from regional differences, her dances focusing on specific geographical areas and cultural areas in Mexico in order to provide a diverse outlook of Mexico. For example, her most famous dances (Melodies of Michoacan, Deer Dance, Jalisco, Fandangos) all spotlight certain areas of Mexico, along with their cultural traditions.[6]
See also
Baile Folklorico
Culture of Mexico
Ballet Folklorico de Mexico
References
Jump up ^ Eric Zolov (2015). Iconic Mexico: An Encyclopedia from Acapulco to Zócalo [2 volumes]: An Encyclopedia from Acapulco to Zócalo. I. ABC-CLIO. pp. 31–37. ISBN 978-1-61069-044-7.
^ Jump up to: a b "Amalia Hernández: audacia y fuerza creativa". Uam.mx (in (in Spanish)). Retrieved 2017-01-20.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2006-09-04. Retrieved 2006-10-21.
Jump up ^ Archive.is
^ Jump up to: a b "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-10-17. Retrieved 2013-06-04.
Jump up ^ "Overture Center for the Arts" (PDF). Overturecenter.com. 2017-01-12. Retrieved 2017-01-20.
