James Madison, Jr. (Walk 16, [O.S. Walk 5] 1751 – June 28, 1836) was a political scholar, American statesman, and served as the fourth President of the United States (1809–17). He is hailed as the "Father of the Constitution" for his vital part in drafting and advancing the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights.
Madison acquired his estate Montpelier in Virginia and possessed several slaves amid his lifetime. He served as both an individual from the Virginia House of Delegates and as an individual from the Continental Congress preceding the Constitutional Convention. After the Convention, he got to be one of the pioneers in the development to sanction the Constitution, both broadly and in Virginia. His joint effort with Alexander Hamilton and John Jay delivered The Federalist Papers, among the most essential treatises in backing of the Constitution. Madison changed his political perspectives amid his life. Amid consultations on the constitution, he supported a solid national government, however later favored more grounded state governments, before settling between the two extremes late in his life.
In 1789, Madison turned into a pioneer in the new House of Representatives, drafting numerous essential laws. He is noted for drafting the initial ten alterations to the Constitution, and along these lines is referred to likewise as the "Father of the Bill of Rights". He worked intimately with President George Washington to sort out the new government. Breaking with Hamilton and the Federalist Party in 1791, he and Thomas Jefferson sorted out the Democratic-Republican Party. Because of the Alien and Sedition Acts, Jefferson and Madison drafted the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions contending that states can invalidate illegal laws.
As Jefferson's Secretary of State (1801–09), Madison administered the Louisiana Purchase, which multiplied the country's size. Madison succeeded Jefferson as President in 1809, was re-chosen in 1813, and directed reestablished flourishing for quite a long while. After the disappointment of conciliatory challenges and an exchange ban against the United Kingdom, he drove the U.S. into the War of 1812. The war was a regulatory quagmire, as the United States had neither a solid armed force nor budgetary framework. Subsequently, Madison a while later upheld a more grounded national government and a solid military, and in addition the national bank, which he had since a long time ago restricted.
