You can find copies of this publication in the Bellevue University bookstore, Writing Center, and Library. The requirements for a reference list is that all references cited in the text of a paper must be listed alphabetically by the first author's last name. Therefore, all references apa style reference the reference list must appear somewhere in the paper and be cited parenthetically. The list of references is double spaced and uses the hanging indent. The first line of the hanging indent is written flush with the left margin, and any additional lines are indented a few spaces usually a tab or about five spaces to the right of the left margin. See example below: Nicol, A. Presenting your findings: A practical guide for creating tables. The above questions come from: Frequently Asked Questions. Names are also inverted, last to first to middle. The first word of subtitles after a colon is also capitalized. Everything else is written lowercase. Then count down from that heading to the paragraph containing your material. Then, in parentheses at the end of the quote, put a 'p. Either you can mention the author's name before the information is presented. Then put the date in parentheses like in this example: Rogers 1994 compared the reaction times. Or you can leave out the author's name and put it in the citation with the date like in this example: A apa style reference study of reaction times found that. In an in-text citation, list the title of the source in the introductory phrase to apa style reference paraphrased or quoted material, followed by the date within the parentheses. In the book College Bound Seniors 1979. Use the citation information of both the secondary source and the primary source. You would also want to make sure that it was the primary source Coltheart, etc. Locate the original source in this case, Seidenberg and McClelland whenever possible before resorting to a secondary source citation. You can, however, place it in your paper using a parenthetical citation. Apa style reference, personal communication, August 15, 2001 Example: As Jeff Smith told me Personal communication, August 15, 2001. For authors, names are listed by last name first; then initials of first and middle are listed second. Corporations or organizations are listed as is. Publication manual of the American Psychological Association. Any other words in the title are left lowercase. Beautiful hypotheses and ugly facts. New York: Oxford Univeristy Press. Beautiful hypotheses and ugly facts. New York: Oxford Univeristy Press. Name of the section being cited. New York: Thames and Hudson. I can see you naked: A new revised edition of the national bestseller on making fearless presentations New rev. Field guide to the stars and planets 3rd ed. Note: Remember, with first editions you never have to make any special notes about it. The only time you use an edition citation is when it is not an original first edition. Example 1 signed by an author : Tavris, C. In Women's studies encyclopedia Vol. Example 2 not signed by an author : Eschatology. In Webster's new world dictionary of the American language 2nd ed. New York: Simon and Schuster. Title of multivolume work Vol. How products are made: An illustrated guide to product manufacturing Vols. Architecture of the Old South Vols. Publication manual of the American Psychological Association 5th ed. In editor-of-the-series name Series Ed. Socialization in the context of the family: Parent-child interaction. Socialization, personality, and social development 4th ed. Title of book Name of translator, Trans. Original work published date Example: Freud, S. An outline of psychoanalysis J. Original work published 1940 Note: The name of the translator is written first initials, then last name. For articles, capitalize any proper nouns and the first word in titles and subtitles. For journals, italicize the title, and capitalize all apa style reference except articles and prepositions. For newspapers and magazines, italicize the title, and capitalize all words except articles and prepositions. For daily newspapers, newsletters, and magazines, use Year, Month Date. Include the issue number in a journal reference if it is paginated by issue. Note: The issue number, unlike the volume number, is not italicized. These abbreviations are not used when referencing magazines or journal articles. Contrast this with standard capitalization: all words are capitalized except articles and prepositions. Along with the journal title, italicize the volume number. So, let's say in Volume 1, Issue 1, the journal starts on page 1 and ends on page 200. In the next issue, Issue 2, it would start on page 201 - 400. Then continue on like that for the rest of the issues in that volume. So Issue 1 starts on page 1, Issue 2 starts on page 1, etc. Croix Review, 30 26-10. Swimming Technique, 34 140-42. Note: Because pagination begins anew with each new issue, it is necessary to include the issue number in parentheses after the volume number. Why feed a mortal enemy. In Author's name, Title of source. Reprinted from Title of Source, Volume number, Yearpages. Professional roles and activities as models for art education. Reprinted from Studies in Art Education, 19 198634-39. Make sure you double check them. Retrieved date from source : web address Example: Humm, M. Librarians as enemies of books. The interpretation of dreams 3rd ed. Journal of Criminal Justice and Popular Culture, 8, 186-202. Similar, but not identical: Killingbeck, D. Title of newsletter, Volume, issue number. Retrieval date, from web address Example: Wauftom, K. Army Corps of Engineers Research Laboratory. Otherwise, treat such references as unauthorized. apa style reference Do not italize the title. Specify in brackets that the source is computer software, program, or language. List the location and the organization's name that produced the program. Add any necessary information for identifying the program in this example, the report number in parentheses at the entry's conclusion. Do not add a period at the end of the citation if it ends with a website address. Retrieval date, from web address Example: American Psychological Association. Retrieval date, from name of website, address of website Example: University of California, San Francisco, Institute of Health and Aging. Chronic care in America: A 21st century challenge. Retrieval date, from University name and department: web address Example: McNeese, M. Using technology in educational settings. If the communication is archived, it would be cited as: Author's name. Message posted to name of mailing list, archived at web address Example: Hammond, Tl 200, November 20. Message posted to address Example: Jones, D. Message posted to address Example: Clarke, F. Message posted to address Example: Aquawoman. Date of electronic publication or update. Retrieved date of access month, day, year from web address Example 1: Tanner Computer Services. The world famous hot dog page. Chapter apa style reference Diseases of the aorta. Harrison's principles of internal medicine. Retrieved January 7, 2000, from Harrison's Online database. Telemedicine: Federal strategy is needed to guide investments. Document title or name of Web page. Web work survey 2002: Cyber-addiction in the workplace. Dissertation Abstracts International, volume number issue numberpage number series letter A or B. Financial variables and merger premiums: Evidence from bank mergers. Dissertation Abstracts International, 62 93134A. Dissertation Abstracts International, volume number issue numberpage number series letter A or B. Does moral education increase moral development. A reexamination of the moral reasoning abilities or working adult learners. Dissertation Abstracts International, 61 124851A. Title of dissertation Doctoral dissertation, name of institution, year of dissertation. Dissertation Abstracts International, volume number issue numberpage number series letter A or B. Dissertation Abstracts International, 62 115195B. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, institution, location. Accounting pronouncements, firm size, and firm industry: Their effect on Altman's bankruptcy prediction model. Unpublished doctoral practicum, institution, location. Working from within the classroom: Improving the delivery of speech-language services to kindergarten at-risk students. Unpublished doctoral name of document type, institution, apa style reference, state unless city name is also in name of institution. Outcomes evaluation of the Technology Property Initiative at Collin County Community College. Unpublished doctoral name of document, name of institution, place. A comparison of the characteristics of successful and non-successful associate degree nursing students. If you obtain it online, you will need to add the retrieval date. Unpublished master's type of document, name of institution, place. Increasing participation of female students in physical science class. Unpublished master's action research project, St. In that case, the retrieval statement is last. Reflections on community-based inclusive preschools. Year of publication if no author. Name and mailing address where can obtain publication. A web address may also be used in place of, or in addition to, address. Satellite town meeting 79: May 15, 2001. Districts on the move: Unified student service in Boston public school: Building a continuum of service through standards-based reform. National Institute from Urban School Improvement, Education Development Center, Inc. Title of report Report number. Place of publication: Publisher or agency of publication. Key statistics on public elementary and secondary schools and agencies: School year 1997-98. In Editor first initial, last name Ed. Title of conference proceedings page numbers. Impact of the larger social context on the distance learner. International Council for Distance Education: One world many voices: Quality in open and distance learning pp. Paper presented at the Name of the conference. The care and feeding of an online instructional site. Paper presented at the Distance Education apa style reference conference. Very often these publications will not follow a standard title page arrangement and some publishing elements will be eliminated. However, use the following citation example to find as many elements as possible and arrange them as shown: Example: Author Agency. Place of publication: Publisher, Date. Department of Health and Human Services. National Center for Health Statistics. Disability Among Older Persons: United States and Canada. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1995. Shared Housing: A Possible Alternative for Housing the Elderly. Place of publication: Producer, Date. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1994. Census of Population and Housing, 1990: Summary Tape File 3A: Tennessee. Market Research Reports: France- Euro Disney. Washington: Government Printing Office, February, 1992. Title of publication Report number. Data sources on lifelong learning available from the National Center for Education Statistics. If the organization that produced the report is not well known, precede with the higher organization. Title of publication Report number. Example: Health, Services, and Human Services Division, General Accounting Office. Suicide prevention: Efforts to increase research and education in palliative care. Title of document Report number. Example: National Center for Higher Education. Web style guide: Basic design principles for creating websites. New Haven: Yale University Press. Reproduced by permission of Yale University Press. Scale unknown; generated by D. Date produced apa style reference time if known. Date produced and time if known. The process of primary socialization in canine and human infants. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 28 1, Serial No. Title of the periodical in which the review is published, Volume, Page numbers.
