A general alert for sendmail users

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DATE: Nov. 5, 2019, 5:16 p.m.

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  1. A general alert for sendmail users
  2. if your emails aren't being delivered
  3. I've had the same sendmail setup for YEARS with no problems, but I recently noticed that some of my generated emails weren't being delivered. I specifically saw that they weren't being delivered to Gmail because I have all of my emails directed to Gmail, but it could have also been affecting other email providers, too.
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  15. It took about 4 days of digging to figure out the problem.
  17. When using sendmail, it's required to have an email address in the From: field; eg:
  19. CSDude <example@example.com>
  21. In my scripts I never forced a return email address; I plugged it in if provided by the user, but if not then the system always plugged in my_server_account@my_server_name.com.
  23. But apparently this is no longer acceptable. I stumbled across this error in my server's delivery report:
  25. ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:128 CV=yes: SMTP error from remote mail server after end of data: 550-5.7.1 [123.45.67.89 14] Messages missing a valid address in From:\n550 5.7.1 header, or having no From: header, are not accepted. k8si721600qtj.365 - gsmtp
  28. (where 123.45.67.89 represents my server's IP)
  30. The solution was to simply force a From: email address in all of my scripts. I also used the -f flag, like so:
  32. # Perl (not sure if -tif is the same as -ti -f?
  33. open (MAIL,"|$mailprog -ti -f "example\@example.com");
  34. print MAIL <<EOF;
  35. To: to\@example.com
  36. From: CSDude <example\@example.com>
  37. Subject: the subject
  38. blah blah blah
  39. EOF;
  40. close (MAIL);
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  52. # PHP
  53. $to = 'to@example.com';
  54. $subject = 'the subject';
  55. $message = 'hello';
  56. $headers = 'From: CSDude <example@example.com>' . "\r\n" .
  57. 'Reply-To: example@example.com' . "\r\n" .
  58. 'X-Mailer: PHP/' . phpversion();
  60. mail($to, $subject, $message, $headers, '-f example@example.com');
  63. And since we're talking about it, here are all of the -options for sendmail:
  65. [commandlinux.com...]
  66. But I am curious about one minor issue.
  68. Let's say that the sender's username is (csdude), with the parentheses. And my From: is:
  70. From: $username <example\@example.com>
  72. The ( ) throws it off, so when I get the email it says it's from:
  74. ) <example@example.com>
  76. So what do I need to do? Convert them to %28 and %29?
  77. parentheses in the local part of email addresses must be quoted (i.e. preceded by a backslash)
  78. Nice, thanks for sharing, it can be a real headache. I've been using (lucky me) sendmail with to and from for years ago.
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